There are two possible reasons that Short Zeroing can fail.There are two possible reasons that Short Zeroing can fail.

• The test fixture has an open circuit between the wires and terminal.
• Some functions can imped the short test. Ensure Range Hold, Constant voltage and Internal/External Bias (R.H, C.V and INT.B/EXT.B) are disabled.

Setting Parameters: Setting Parameters: 
Test Voltage=1V,Test Frequency=1kHz,C.V=OFF, R.H=OFF, Speed=SLOW 

When Q=0,D=0

 *DUT =1Ω

Accuracy:R error: 0.03%+0.02%[(Ymin/X)(1+|Q|)(1+kb+kc)]=0.03%+0.02%[(6.25/1)(1+0)(1+0+0)]= ±0.155%

 *DUT =1MΩ

 Accuracy:R error: 0.03%+0.02%[(X/Ymax)(1+|Q|)(1+kb+kc)]=0.03%+0.02%[(1000/410)(1+0)(1+0+0)]=±0.078%

 *DUT =100pf

 Accuracy:C error: 0.03%+0.02%[(Ymin/X)(1+|D|)(1+kb+kc)]=0.03%+0.02%[(400/100)(1+0)(1+0+0)]= ±0.11%

 *DUT=100uf

 Accuracy:C error: 0.03%+0.02%[(X/Ymax)(1+|D|)(1+kb+kc)]=0.03%+0.02%[(100/25)(1+0)(1+0+0)]= ±0.11% 

 *DUT=160Ω&10nF

 D error: 2count ±0.0003+0.0002[(1+ka)(1+|D|+D²)(1+kb+kc)]= 2count ±0.0003+0.0002[(1+0)(1+0+0)(1+0+0)]=±7count ( ±7 Digit)

 *DUT=160Ω&100nF

 D error: 2count ±0.0003+0.0002[(1+ka)(1+|D|+D²)(1+kb+kc)]= 2count ±0.0003+0.0002[(1+0)(1+0+0)(1+0+0)]=±7count ( ±7 Digit)

 When D=0.0009

 *DUT= 1 uF

 C error = 0.03% + [0.02% x (1+ Ka) x (1+0.0009) x (1+Kb+Kc)] =0.03%+[0.02% x (1+0) x (1.0009) x (1+0+0)]=0.05%

 D error = 0.0003+[0.0002 x (1+Ka) x (1+0.0009+0.0009²) x (1+Kb+Kc)]=0.0003+[0.0002 x (1+Ka) x (1+0.0009+(0.0009²) x (1+Kb+Kc)]=0.0003 + [0.0002 x (1+0) x (1.0009) x (1+0+0)] =0.0005

 Z error = C error = 0.05% θ error =(180/π) x (Ze/100) =57.3 degree x (0.05/100)=0.03 degree

The Basic accuracy of LCR meters is the best accuracy you can get when testing in best conditions. Basic accuracy does not add the error from extra factors like fixtures or cables and under the optimum test signal, frequencies, highest accuracy setting or slowest measurement speed and impedance of the DUT. Therefore, it is really important to know the actual accuracy of the measurement you want to perform in real world. Measurement range, speed, test frequency and voltage level are the factors we need to consider.The Basic accuracy of LCR meters is the best accuracy you can get when testing in best conditions. Basic accuracy does not add the error from extra factors like fixtures or cables and under the optimum test signal, frequencies, highest accuracy setting or slowest measurement speed and impedance of the DUT. Therefore, it is really important to know the actual accuracy of the measurement you want to perform in real world. Measurement range, speed, test frequency and voltage level are the factors we need to consider.

Moreover, there are additional errors including dissipation factor (D) of the DUT, internal source impedance and ranges of the instrument, which all affect accuracy. The accuracy formulas will take into account each of the factors affecting accuracy.

According to the test standards, the test is usually performed with a 500 or 1,000 volt DC potential.

No! A Hipot test will find “hard” breakdown failures, usually due “pin point” defects, by over stressing the insulation; it will not serve to verify the overall quality of the insulating material.No! A Hipot test will find “hard” breakdown failures, usually due “pin point” defects, by over stressing the insulation; it will not serve to verify the overall quality of the insulating material.

An IR failure is usually a “soft” failure (the IR value is too low) rather than the more catastrophic Hi-Pot failure (it smokes or soon will)

Hi-pot test is a deliberate application of an excessive amount of voltage intended to stress the product’s insulation system.Hi-pot test is a deliberate application of an excessive amount of voltage intended to stress the product’s insulation system.

IR test, it measures the quality of the insulation system and provides a measure of this quality in ohms or meg-ohms.

Product Information:

https://www.gwinstek.com/en-global/products/layer/Safety_Testers/Safety_Tester#prod_list

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ARC (or called flashover) is a discharge through air around or over the surface of insulating materials, between parts at different potential or voltage.

Ramp Time is the gradual increase of voltage from zero potential over a period of time.

A ground continuity test only verifies that an electrical connection exists between the mains power ground and any conductive surface of the product.A ground continuity test only verifies that an electrical connection exists between the mains power ground and any conductive surface of the product.

A ground bond test, on the other hand, checks not only the existence of the ground connection, but also its ability to sustain high current. Most standards require that the resistance from mains ground (protective earth) to the conductive surface on the product not exceeds 0.1Ω.

Product Information:

https://www.gwinstek.com/en-US/products/layer/Safety_Testers/AC_Ground_Bond_Tester#prod_list

#Safety Testers #Ground Bond Tester

A ground bond test applies a high AC or DC current (25A or higher) to the mains ground connection and any exposed metal on the product to simulate a fault that may occur within a product.

A continuity check applies a small current only to verify that an electrical connection exists between the mains power ground and any conductive surface of the product.

Insulation resistance test is purely a DC test made at voltage levels equal to or less than the rated voltage of the DUT.Insulation resistance test is purely a DC test made at voltage levels equal to or less than the rated voltage of the DUT.

Hi-Pot test means the application of voltage (AC or DC) for beyond what the DUT will encounter in normal use, with the expressed purpose of stressing insulating materials beyond their normal operating ratings.

Product Informatioon:

https://www.gwinstek.com/en-global/products/layer/Safety_Testers/Safety_Tester#prod_list 

#Safety Testers #Hipot Testers